LANGUAGE OBJECTIVIZATION OF THE ADJECTIVAL PHRASE OF CONCEPT “SUCCESSFUL WOMAN” IN UKRAINIAN PROSE OF THE END OF THE XX – BEGINNING OF THE XXI CENTURIES

Background. The article under discussion focuses on the analysis of the dictionary definitions of adjectival group as a means of verbalization of concept successful woman in Ukrainian prose of the end of the XX – the beginning of the XXI centuries. The major features of concept successful woman have been distinguished, its model has been recreated with the help of the theory of conceptual blending. The purpose of the study has been to recreate the peculiarities of the language objectivization of linguocultural concept successful woman in Ukrainian prose of the end of the XX – the beginning of the XXI centuries, analyse the facts of usage of the dictionary definitions of adjective “successful” (“успішний”) and compare them to the real cases of usage, as well as represent the language objectivization of the adjectival group successful woman. Methods. The methods, belonging to the lexicographic approach to the language facts study, have been applied in the investigation, namely – continuous lexicographic sampling method and the method of contextological analysis, feeding into the overall paradigm of the investigations, dedicated to the text study as of a complicated communicative unity. Results. It has been found out, that from the perspective of the theory of conceptual integration (blending) in the role of methodological principle, concept successful woman is a blended space (output space or blend), formed from the generic term “успіх” through the agency of the input spaces “успішна людина” and “жінка”, containing their conceptual features. An important feature of successfulness is the notion of “positive result” of any activity. Successfulness as a social phenomenon is regarded from two sides – from the speaker’s side – as for their successfulness and from the public opinion side – concerning someone’s successfulness. There is a substantial difference between the definitions in the language dictionaries and in the psychology sources: success in psychology is a source, potential resource for further aim achievement, and success in language is a result, final stage of a certain business or activity. Discussion. The investigation of the adjectival group of concept successful woman has demonstrated the semantic deviation between lexicographic data, obtained by the continuous sampling method and the data from illustrative sources. In particular, the row of the dictionary definitions to the notion “успішна” can be extended by the following adjectives from illustrative material: талановита, активна, енергійна, динамічна, щедра, щира, сильна, заповзятлива, завзята, хазяйновита, гарна, розкішна, крута, etc. As the analysis has proved, the adjectival group has conceptually changed – some adjectives have gone and the others – added.

Despite the numerous researches of concepts and their verbalization in language, adjectival phrase of concept successful woman appears to be of interest, namely -comparison of dictionary definitions, found in the literary texts, with proper author ones.
The topicality of the given research is predetermined by the fact, that successfulness of woman seems to be one of the most mysterious, contradictory and ambiguous phenomena in the life of the contemporary society. Dynamic driving force of a woman in the Ukrainian society, transformation of the nature of woman's success and its role in the public life of the Ukrainian society requires particular attention from the linguists in terms of the study of its language objectivization. In spite of the fact, that the Ukrainian language is immediate to react upon the change of gender function in the social life (актор / акторка, керівник / керівниця, директор / директорка), there are still the so-called "mixed" unidentified zones (unisex), which are common for men and women. Their study promotes the understanding of the linguistic world concept of Ukrainian people of the end of the XX -beginning of the XXI centuries.
The purpose is to reproduce the peculiarities of the language objectivization of the linguocultural concept successful woman in Ukrainian prose of the end of XX -beginning of XXI centuries.
The tasks of the research under consideration are: -reproduction of the linguocultural concept successful woman, applying the theory of conceptual blending on conceptual level; -investigation of concept success, regarded as a component of the complex concept successful woman, using the method of analysis of the dictionary definitions; -analysis of the facts of the dictionary definitions application concerning the adjective "successful" and their comparison with the real cases of usage; -representation of the language objectivization of the adjectival group of concept successful woman.
The material of investigation has been Ukrainian prose of the end of the XX -the beginning of the XXI centuries -namely, the works by Yu. Vynnychuk, L. Deresh, P. Zahrebelnyi, L. Kohut, A. Konotop, V. Lys, Kh. Lukashchuk, Maikl (Mykhailo Myshkalo), M. Mednykova, V. Moroz, L. Ovsiannykova, N. Pilhuk, I. Rozdobudko, H. Tarasiuk. The language representation of the adjectival group of concept successful woman is quite distinctive in the works of the authors under consideration, and it allows distinguishing the diferentiative features of the stated concept.
Language recreates the world, but simultaneously -subordinates it to its own organization. When linguists (Gumboldt, 1984;Guillaume, 1992), after F. de Saussure (1998) focused on the language "in itself and for itself", they recognized the principle, which later became the leading principle for the contemporary Language Studies: language forms a system. This principle is the defining one for any language. It is also peculiar to the development of Ukrainian linguistic world concept of the end of the XX -beginning of the XXI centuries, which ensures the birth and preservation of the logical, analogous and alogical, regular and frequent, rare and separate in language. By studying the language "in itself and for itself" (Saussure, 1998), it seems difficult to explain the meaning of a number of key terms of the period of the national language early days. Semantics of the notion and word appears to be motivated by the material aspect of human life. Within the article under consideration the contemporary state of the language objectivization of concept successful woman in Ukrainian prose of the end of the XX -the beginning of the XXI centuries has been recreated.
V. Nikonova (2007) believes that the perception of every nation culture occurs through the ideal of this culture, reflecting the "face" of the national mentality, collective ethnic identity.
In course of time, such notions as "worldview", "linguistic world concept" or "linguistic world model", "universal conceptual worldview", "individual conceptual worldview", "ethnic conceptual worldview", "worldview of a certain historical era", "artistic worldview" or "artistic world model", "artist's worldview" have become stable in the linguistic usage. Whereas such terms as "linguistic world concept" or "linguistic world model" concern the peculiarities of the reality representation in different ethnic groups (Ukrainian linguistic world concept, American linguistic world concept, etc.), the terms "artistic worldview" or "artistic world model" reflect the peculiarities of linguistic reality representation in the literary text. Artistic worldviews, in their turn, are distinguished according to the literary trends or literary schools. Thus they can be signature, genre, etc., as, for instance, common romantic worldview, artistic worldview of a certain author, etc. (Nikonova, 2007: 12-13). Consequently, artistic worldview in the author's representation should be regarded as the reflection of the overall condition of the linguistic world concept of all speakers. Thanks to the speech from the author, the language objectivization of concepts and terms may solidify (or not) in the linguistic consciousness, gaining new wording, which sometimes can substitute the existent language instrumentarium. Such notions include, for instance, "adventurism", "patriotism" and, of course, "successfulness". The rapid change of the social paradigm of the thematic gender-specific salience of the personality has brought to the fore the characteristics of efficiency, performance and aggressiveness, typical of both men and women.
Successfulness belongs to the gender-specific notions. The definition of successful woman and successful man will be different in Ukrainian linguoculture. For instance, concept successful man contains the following components: achieves results, has money, high position, status, prestigious job or own business, power and authority, is respectful. Thus, the social success factors appear to be the crucial ones. Among the components of concept successful woman we can find those, which intersect the "male" ones: achieves results, has high position, money, status, but, especially for Slavic mentality, the factor of relations with man and a happy family appears to be of importance. In this case the social characteristics include the family ones, making both the woman's way to success, and also the structure of the concept more complicated. As opposed to the successful men, "playing hosts" with genetically predetermined fight and everlasting competitiveness, successful women are always "renegades", having resolved upon the risky game of playing "away, on the men's pitch" (Snizhko, 2009: 181). It seems obvious, that this "nature" of woman's success is somewhat stereotypical and, in our view, in diachronic perspective seems to become out of date, archaic to a degree.
According to the theory of conceptual blending by G. Fauconnier and M. Turner (2002), new conceptual construct is the integrative model, consisting of input space 1, input space 2, generic space and output or blended space.
Input space is used to describe the real situation, so it is familiar to the interlocutors. Generic space contains knowledge, common to input spaces. It acts as a certain coordinative space of the common reflected elements to construct the new output -blended space, blend. Blend is a new conceptual construct, keeping the peculiarities of input spaces, but does not resolve itself into the assembly of elements (see Fig. 1). According to M. Turner, blend is an emergent, self-developed structure, obtaining its own identity without regard of input spaces. Blend forms the "amalgam", "fusion" of mental spaces, capable of evolution and change in the process of development, widening or narrowing the concept (Fauconnier & Turner, 2002: 41).
The output spaces are divided by the so-called interspacial reflection, uniting the similar elements (fatherhood→motherhood) with the general space, containing the elements, common to both emergent spaces at a certain moment of conceptual integration development, and makes the part of the blend. This is the way the new blended space is constructed by means of background knowledge and cultural models addition. The development predetermines the following mental modelling of the blended space according to the logical structures. Among all the definitions of adjective "successful" several semantic types can be distinguished. Some of them emphasize the final outcome, long-waited well-earned summary. The others focus on inherent nature of success, requiring no effort, the rest -stress the here-and-now unexpected lucky hit. Nevertheless, all definitions have the common final invariant peculiarity of efficiency. Psychology dictionary definitions make a separate group. Thus, the dictionary definitions of the notion "success" can be divided into two groups.
Attention should be paid to the interpretations of success like "good luck", "faith", not conveying the meaning of certain activity to achieve success, but meaning the desirable result, lucky coincidence or the character, peculiarity of a person (Busel, 2005(Busel, : 1516Bilodid, 1979: 493; Slovnyky Ukrainy on-line), they have the shade of unexpectedness, chance, accidentalness in their semantics.
Within the framework of the given research we are to follow the stated logic concerning the construction of the synonymic row of adjectival group of concept successful woman.  2. Verbalization of the notion "successfulness" The second group consists of psychology dictionaries definitions, emphasizing the nature of effort, put to achieve the stated aim, and their correspondence to initial intent, purpose or motive (Voitko, 1982: 198). In this case special attention is paid to the nature of effort, conveyed by the author through such characteristics as physical, nerve, moral and psychological, for instance: castiron will, steady pursuit of ambition. Success is a complex contradictory phenomenon, belonging to the sphere of the humanities -Philosophy, Theory of Education and Psychology. Philosophy and psychology regard "success" as "human destiny", "composite of ideas, grounding on the social requirements", "social acknowledgement of real and potential achievements of individual", "value, connected with realization of one's position in struggle for survival" (Kupriienko, 2015). According to V. Voytkо (1982: 198), success is a large generator of new energy. This definition contradicts to an extent the definitions of the first group, which emphasize the final, result characteristic of success definitions.
Taking into consideration the stated definitions, it seems obvious, that linguistic definition of notion "success" differs from this term definition in the theory of education and psychology, as linguistic definition of success contains the final result with "positive" sign, and psychological definition of the same notion focuses on the initial favourable grounds of it.

що хочу змінити все своє життя, а потім -весь світ. Я не знаю більшої сили, ніж та, яку я відчуваю, коли дивлюся на вас. Одна лиш думка про те, що ви є, освітлює найтемніші закутки мого серця світлом любові…
The most typical language means, used in the process of a successful woman creation in the contemporary Ukrainian prose, are the lexical means, which form evaluation (expressive vocabulary). It should be noted, that "emotiveness of the utterance is always connected with the realization of subjective axiological status. Evaluation -is the idea of the subject about the value of the object for them, and emotion is subject's experiencing this idea" (Shahovskij, 1988: 14). Evaluation is one of the global categories of literary text, characteristic of the speech of the author.
Taking this into consideration, we can come to the conclusion about rather high evaluative peculiarities of such parts of speech as adjectives. These lexical means play an important role in formation of cognitive stereotypes. As contrasted with other parts of speech, they do not refer to the thing, action or state of the thing, but attribute a certain distinctive feature, characteristic, quality. They are quite various in their semantics and can be connected with subjective modal characteristics, such as speaker's evaluation, granting a certain status, denial or, in contrast, exaggeration of some features, which is conveyed by lexical or syntactic means of the Ukrainian language. Therefore, the categorical meaning of this part of speech is the broadly defined characteristic. In the structure of meaning of the adjectives under consideration this meaning becomes more detailed due to the semes of the respective nouns, determining the peculiarities of the development, perception and reflection of the female successfulness.
Grounding on the results of analysis, the semantic volume of concept successful woman can be extended by the following adjectives: гарна (краща), розкішна, енергійна, активна, талановита, завзята, etc., extending their synonymic row to a degree. Adjective крута has already become the term of everyday speech, common to both youth and other narrow language groups, and the Ukrainian speaking community in general.
Conclusions. Having studied concept successful woman in Ukrainian linguistic worldview in the prose of the end of the XX -beginning of the XXI centuries, we have come to the following conclusions: -from the perspective of the theory of conceptual integration (blending) in the role of methodological principle, concept successful woman is a blended space (output space or blend), formed from the generic term "успіх" through the agency of the input spaces "успішна людина" and "жінка", containing their conceptual features. Further study of the concept under consideration requires an insight into the structure of the concepts and their typology; -the study of the dictionary definitions of notion "success" ("успіх") has proved, that the notion of positive result ("позитивного результату") of a certain activity is an important feature of the notion of successfulness. Successfulness as a social phenomenon is regarded from two sidesfrom the one of the speaker's -as for their successfulness and from the point of view of the public opinion -concerning someone's successfulness. It should be emphasized, that there is a difference between the definitions in the language dictionaries and in the psychology sources: success in psychology is a source, potential resource for further aim achievement, and success in language is a result, final stage of a certain business or activity.
-the investigation of the adjectival group of concept successful woman has demonstrated the semantic deviation between lexicographic data, obtained by the continuous sampling method and the data from illustrative sources. In particular, the row of the dictionary definitions to the notion "успішна" can be extended by the following adjectives from illustrative material: талановита, активна, енергійна, динамічна, щедра, щира, сильна, заповзятлива, завзята, хазяйновита, гарна, розкішна, крута, etc. As the analysis has proved, the adjectival group has conceptually changed -some adjectives have gone and the others -added.
Further prospects of the concept successful woman research lie in the analysis of such signs of lexico-semantic level, as nouns, participles, verbs, adverbs, and in the study of phraseological, morphological and syntax levels of this concept verbalization.
Methods. The methods, belonging to the lexicographic approach to the language facts study, have been applied in the investigation, namely -continuous lexicographic sampling method and the method of contextological analysis, feeding into the overall paradigm of the investigations, dedicated to the text study as of a complicated communicative unity.
Results. It has been found out, that from the perspective of the theory of conceptual integration (blending) in the role of methodological principle, concept successful woman is a blended space (output space or blend), formed from the generic term "успіх" through the agency of the input spaces "успішна людина" and "жінка", containing their conceptual features.
An important feature of successfulness is the notion of "positive result" of any activity. Successfulness as a social phenomenon is regarded from two sides -from the speaker's side -as for their successfulness and from the public opinion side -concerning someone's successfulness. There is a substantial difference between the definitions in the language dictionaries and in the psychology sources: success in psychology is a source, potential resource for further aim achievement, and success in language is a result, final stage of a certain business or activity.
Discussion. The investigation of the adjectival group of concept successful woman has demonstrated the semantic deviation between lexicographic data, obtained by the continuous sampling method and the data from illustrative sources. In particular, the row of the dictionary definitions to the notion "успішна" can be extended by the following adjectives from illustrative material: талановита, активна, енергійна, динамічна, щедра, щира, сильна, заповзятлива, завзята, хазяйновита, гарна, розкішна, крута, etc. As the analysis has proved, the adjectival group has conceptually changed -some adjectives have gone and the others -added.